Turning-tool



(No Model.)

H. W. HUBBA'RD.

TURNING TOOL. No. 325,085. Patented Aug. 25, 1885.

'l-[ENRY XV. HUBARD, OF AURORA, ILLINOIS.

TU RNING-TOOL.

A p1 lication filed February 9, ISS.

To all whom it' may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY W. Hummm), a citizen of the United States,residing at Aurora, in the county of Kane and State of Illinois, haveinvented a cert-ain new and Iniproved Turning-Tool, and I hereby declarethe following to be a full, clear, and exact description ofthe same.

My invention is designed particularlythough its usefulness is by nomeans necessarily confined to such application-for finishing and truingup perfectly a ball or globe of any required size.

I employ the device for finishing the globevalve shells applied in largenumbers and in different sizes in locomotives, and cast in brass inimperfect form, to finish or perfect which it has hitherto been thecustom to use tiles operated by hand. This, however, is not only anexceedingly tedious operation, requiring for its performance a greatdeal of time, which must be paid for, and thus forms an important itemin the matter of the cost of producing` these valves, but it is alsoproductive of results only remotely approximating perfection, owing tothe practical inability 0f human skill applied in this manner to form anearly or quite perfect globe having a smooth and even surface.

My invention consists in the general construction of the turningtoolwhereby it is adapted to its purpose, and my invention further consistsin certain details of construction and combinations of parts, all ashereinafter particularly set forth.

Referring to the drawings, Figure l is arear View of my improved toolrepresented -in operative position and operating upon a glol'ie shown tohe partly finished, and adjustably connected with a suitable stem orholder having apart broken away toward its rear end to permit properrepresentation of the device, Fig. 2, aside View; Fig. 3, a centrallongitudinal section taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. l, viewed in thedirection of the arrows, and illustrating the manner of adjusting thetool or cutter, Fig. 4, a central longitudinal section taken on the lineat 4 of Fig. 2, viewed in the direction ot' the arrows, and showing adetail of the adjustment, and Fig. 5 a perspective view of thecutting-tool.

is the tiirning-tool or cutter, composed of cart of Letters Patent No.325,085, dated August 25, 1885.

(No model.)

, a-blade, preferably of hard plate-steel, of the desired thickness,wedge-shaped toward its the opposite side, to form an arc of a circle ofa smaller diameter and eccentric with the firstnamed circle.

B is the holder to support the tool A, and is provided toward one endwith a cylindrical head, C, reduced toward its forward extremity onopposite sides, as shown at y, and provided with a transverse slot, s,formed centrally be tween the reduced portions y. rlhe slot s leads intoa cylindrical opening, i', extending across its rear extremity andformed through the head C, and sci'ewihreaded to receiveadjusting-screws D and D', ofwhieh one is inserted into the opening Irfroineach side of the head C.

rl`he tool A is inserted into the slot s of the head C in a manner tocause the end of its wedge-shaped portion to lie between the adjacentends of the adj Listing-screws D and D and to bring the opening tcoincident with a similar opening formed through the head C to admitaset-screw, (j, which serves to hold the tool A rmly in any adj ustedposition.

To operate my invention, the holder B is adj usted at its rear extremityinto the spindle of a milling or other suitable machine in a manner tocause the edge ofthe tool A to project toward the table which supportsthe chuck for holding at a right angle to the tool the work-shown in thedrawings, for exa-nr ple, in the form of a globular valve-shell, E uponwhich it is to operate.

The tool A is adjusted by turning the screws D and D/ in oppositedirections to bring its edge as far back from the central line or axisof the center B, forming its support, as is necessary to cause it todescribe a circle upon the object E of the required diameter, and whenproperly adjusted it is firmly secured against removal from its adjustedposition by means of the setscrew q. If the ob ject, which is slowlyrotated on its axis in a direction either toward or from therapidlyrotating tool and at right angles to it, were independent oflateral supports p, like a billiard ball, for example, in which caseother means than those indicated in the drawings for supporting it inits rotation'would have to be provided, the circle to be described uponit by the tool A could pass through opposite diametrical points of thesurface of' the work; but in the ease of globular valve-shells E, whichare ordinarily provided with tubular projections, p, the circle, ifthese project from opposite sides of the shell, as shown, must bedescribed between them, and, preferably, in order to perform the workwithout t-he necessity of readjusting the object E, in a manner to causeit in each rotation to reach the angles ofjunction ofthe shell andprojections.

To understand the operation, it must .be borne in mind that the tool Ais revolved rapidly around the axis of the spindle with which it isconnected, through the medium of the headed holder B, in the lateraldirection, which would bring the baclm'ard-projectiug bevel x of' thecutting portion into contact with the work, while the work E is slowlyrotated ou its axis either toward or from the cuttingtool, whereby aspiral-shaped circle must be cut cleararound the object, affordingasinooth and even surfare upon it.

Wvhcre the tubular projections diverge from adjacent points of theshell, as is sometimes the case, one or more unfinished spots may beleft near them, which will have to be finished by filing.

As hereiubefore mentioned, the operation of my tool is not necessarilyconned to producing or finishing and truing up77 globular surfaces, forit may be employed, by proper' adjustment Aof a tool slightly modifiedby in creasing the curvatures of the concave and convex sides, to nishthe curved surfaces of elbows in tubes presented lengthwise at a properangle to it to cause it to pass through the same point on the under sideof the bend in each olj' its revolutions.

By reversing the tool in its holder, to cause the edge to project in adirection opposite to that shown in the drawings, a very practicabledevice is afforded for milling out the interior surfaces of cylindricalholes.

Under certain conditions of work it may be desirable or practicable toemploy two tools, A, facing each other upon the same center, adjustablein the manner already described of' one, and such modification isincluded in my invention. It is thought, however, that as one may alwaysbe used, and two only upon certain kinds of work, more than one willseldom be required.

Although the concavo-convex 'form of' tool shown and described is theone preferred, any other form of tool may be used whereby the tool willbe deected from the line of axis of its rotation and its forwardextremity provided withthe cutting-edge reflected toward the line ofaxis of rotation, thus causing the edge to be presented to the work77during the entire revolution of' the tool, and such other forms areincluded in my invention.

Vhat I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent. is-

l. An adjustable turning-tool comprising a blade, A, having an edge, m,in combination with a rotary holder upon which the turningtool ispivotally mounted, and adjusting means, substantially as described, uponthe holder to adjust the turning-tool to various positions with relationto the holder and work, as set forth.

2. Au adjustable turning-tool, A, comprising a blade having the sides ofthe body eccentrically concave-convex to afford an edge, sr, toward itsforward extremity, and provided with an opening, t, toward its rearextremity, in combination with a holder, B, provided with ahead, C,having a slot, s, to receive the rear extremity-of the tool, andopenings coinciding with the opening t in the adjusted tool. containinga set-screw, q, and a longitudinal opening, o', along the base oftheslot s, containing adjusting-screws D and D', the whole beingconstructed and arranged substantially as described.

HENRY WV. HUBBARD.

In presence of- J. P. Cass. CHAs. F. TYLER.

